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    <title><![CDATA[ShieldX — Security Tools Blog]]></title>
    <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog</link>
    <description><![CDATA[Free browser-based security tools — password generator, breach checker, SSL scanner, DNS lookup, and 30+ more. No signup, no tracking, no servers. Powered by Web Crypto API.]]></description>
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    <lastBuildDate>Thu, 10 Sep 2026 20:24:54 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Passphrases vs passwords: which is stronger in 2026?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passphrases-vs-passwords-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passphrases-vs-passwords-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[NIST SP 800-63B-4 recommends long passwords over complex ones.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Check if your password has been leaked]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/check-password-data-breach</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/check-password-data-breach</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Over 12 billion credentials are in breach databases. Here is how to safely check if yours is among them.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[QR code phishing (quishing)]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/qr-code-phishing-quishing-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/qr-code-phishing-quishing-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[QR code phishing attacks surged 146% in Q1 2026, bypassing SPF, DKIM, and DMARC. Learn how quishing works and how to protect yourself before you scan.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Secure API key generation]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/secure-api-key-generation-best-practices</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/secure-api-key-generation-best-practices</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Leaked API keys are the leading cause of cloud breaches. Learn how to generate, store, rotate, and revoke API keys using CSPRNG.]]></description>
      <category>Developer</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to audit your website security headers]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/audit-website-security-headers-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/audit-website-security-headers-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CSP, HSTS, X-Frame-Options, Referrer-Policy, Permissions-Policy — what each header does, recommended values, and how to score your site in under a minute.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 12 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[DMARC, SPF, and DKIM explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dmarc-spf-dkim-email-authentication-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dmarc-spf-dkim-email-authentication-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Email spoofing costs businesses billions annually. SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are the three DNS records that stop it.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 05 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Privacy policy scanning]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/privacy-policy-scanning-tracking-detection</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/privacy-policy-scanning-tracking-detection</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Privacy policies are dense, vague, and often misleading. Learn how to detect tracking pixels, find GDPR and CCPA compliance gaps.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 28 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Base64 encoding explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-encoding-explained-developers</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-encoding-explained-developers</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Base64 is everywhere — data URIs, JWTs, API payloads, email attachments.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 20 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Entropy: why length beats complexity]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/entropy-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/entropy-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Most password meters reward "Password1!" with a green bar. Real entropy math tells a different story — one that puts length above symbols every time.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Web Crypto API: randomness without a server]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/web-crypto-api-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/web-crypto-api-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[crypto.getRandomValues() taps your OS CSPRNG directly from the browser.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Security headers in 2025: a practical configuration guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/security-headers-2025</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/security-headers-2025</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CSP, HSTS, X-Content-Type-Options, Referrer-Policy, Permissions-Policy — what each header does, recommended values, and how to test your site in under a minute.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 05 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How k-anonymity breach checking actually protects you]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/breach-checking-k-anonymity</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/breach-checking-k-anonymity</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[When you check a password against breach databases, only the first 5 characters of its SHA-1 hash leave your device.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[NIST SP 800-63B password guidelines]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/nist-sp-800-63b-password-guidelines</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/nist-sp-800-63b-password-guidelines</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[The 2023 revision killed forced complexity rules, password expiry, and knowledge-based reset questions. Here is what the standard actually recommends instead.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[SSL/TLS certificate management: avoiding the silent expiry]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-tls-certificate-management</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-tls-certificate-management</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A lapsed certificate is the most common cause of "secure connection failed" errors.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[MD5 to SHA-512: choosing the right hash for your use case]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hashing-algorithms-compared</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hashing-algorithms-compared</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Not every hash is built for security. File integrity checks, password storage, and HMAC signing each demand different algorithms. Here is the decision tree.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 08 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[DNS-over-HTTPS: why your DNS queries should be encrypted]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dns-over-https-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dns-over-https-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Traditional DNS is plaintext and traceable. DoH encrypts every lookup end-to-end. Here is how it works, which resolvers to trust, and how to validate DNSSEC.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Client-side cryptography]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/client-side-cryptography-browser</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/client-side-cryptography-browser</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[The architecture behind ShieldX — why zero-server-contact is achievable for most security tools, and the rare cases where a stateless proxy is unavoidable.]]></description>
      <category>Developer</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[AES-GCM encryption in the browser]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aes-gcm-encryption-browser-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aes-gcm-encryption-browser-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[AES-GCM 256-bit encryption runs natively in every modern browser via the Web Crypto API.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 13 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Bcrypt vs Argon2: choosing the right password hash in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-vs-argon2-password-hashing-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-vs-argon2-password-hashing-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[SHA-256 hashes a billion passwords per second on a GPU. bcrypt does five.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Cookie security: HttpOnly, Secure, SameSite]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cookie-security-httponly-secure-samesite-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cookie-security-httponly-secure-samesite-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Cookies are the backbone of web session management, yet misconfigured flags expose users to XSS, CSRF, and session hijacking.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CORS misconfiguration]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-misconfiguration-security-risks-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-misconfiguration-security-risks-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CORS headers control which websites can read your API responses. A misconfigured Access-Control-Allow-Origin can expose your entire API to any website.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HSTS preload: HTTPS-only domains guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-preload-complete-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-preload-complete-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[HSTS tells browsers to always use HTTPS, but the first visit is still vulnerable. Preloading eliminates that gap.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 09 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Email header analysis: tracing the true origin of any email]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/email-header-analysis-tracing-origin-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/email-header-analysis-tracing-origin-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Email headers are a forensic goldmine. Every hop, timestamp, and authentication result tells a story.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 08 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CVSS v3.1: score vulnerabilities like a pro]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-v3-1-vulnerability-scoring-explained-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-v3-1-vulnerability-scoring-explained-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CVSS scores drive patch prioritization across the industry. Learn how the base score is calculated, what each metric means.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 07 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[WHOIS and RDAP: domain registration intel]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/whois-rdap-domain-registration-intelligence-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/whois-rdap-domain-registration-intelligence-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Domain registration data is a goldmine for threat intelligence, fraud detection, and brand protection.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to generate uncrackable passwords in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/generate-uncrackable-passwords-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/generate-uncrackable-passwords-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Stop reusing passwords. Learn how CSPRNG-based password generators create truly random passwords that resist brute-force, dictionary, and pattern attacks.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CSPRNG vs Math.random()]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csprng-vs-math-random-password-generator</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csprng-vs-math-random-password-generator</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Most online password generators use Math.random(), which is predictable and insecure. Learn why CSPRNG matters and how to verify your generator is safe.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 15 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password length vs complexity: what actually matters in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-length-vs-complexity-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-length-vs-complexity-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[NIST SP 800-63B-4 says length beats complexity. We break down the entropy math and show why a 20-char lowercase password beats an 8-char mixed one.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password entropy explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-entropy-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-entropy-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Entropy is the only honest measure of password strength. Learn the formula, see why most password meters are wrong, and find the safe thresholds for 2026.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 13 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Online password generators]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/online-password-generators-security-risks</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/online-password-generators-security-risks</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Server-side logging, Math.random(), tracking pixels, no HTTPS, closed source. Learn the 5 risks of online password generators and how to audit them.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password generator algorithms explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-generator-algorithms-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-generator-algorithms-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A deep dive into the cryptography behind secure password generation. Learn how CSPRNG seeding, rejection sampling, and entropy calculation work together.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to check password strength accurately in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/check-password-strength-accurately-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/check-password-strength-accurately-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Most password meters reward \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Your password meter is lying to you]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-meters-are-lying-to-you</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-meters-are-lying-to-you</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Password meters count character classes, not entropy. \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 09 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password crack-time estimation]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-crack-time-estimation-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-crack-time-estimation-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A 47-bit password cracks in 18 seconds. A 95-bit password takes 2 million years. Learn how crack time is calculated and what it means for your security.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 08 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Detecting common password patterns]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/detect-common-password-patterns</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/detect-common-password-patterns</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Keyboard walks, leetspeak, date appending, and word combinations — these patterns reduce entropy far below what your password meter claims.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 07 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Real-time password strength checking in the browser]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/real-time-password-strength-checking-browser</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/real-time-password-strength-checking-browser</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[You do not need to send your password to a server to check its strength. Entropy calculation, pattern detection, and crack-time estimation all run client-side.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Check if your password has been leaked]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/check-password-data-breach-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/check-password-data-breach-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Over 12 billion credentials are in breach databases. Here is how to safely check if yours is among them.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[What to do after your password appears in a data breach]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/what-to-do-after-password-breach</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/what-to-do-after-password-breach</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Your password is in a breach database. Now what? A step-by-step recovery plan covering password changes, MFA, and preventing future exposure.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Biggest data breaches of 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/biggest-data-breaches-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/biggest-data-breaches-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Billions of credentials leaked this year alone. We break down the major breaches, which password types were compromised, and how to check if you are affected.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Batch breach checking]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/batch-breach-checking-multiple-passwords</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/batch-breach-checking-multiple-passwords</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Checking passwords one at a time is tedious. Learn how batch breach checking works and why k-anonymity keeps every check private.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Why password reuse is the most dangerous habit in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/why-password-reuse-is-dangerous</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/why-password-reuse-is-dangerous</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[One breach, every account compromised. Password reuse is the leading cause of account takeover. Here is how to break the cycle with a password manager.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Passphrases vs passwords: which is stronger in 2026?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passphrases-vs-passwords-2026-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passphrases-vs-passwords-2026-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[NIST recommends length over complexity. We compare Diceware passphrases and random character passwords — entropy, memorability, and real-world crack time.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[The EFF Diceware word list]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/eff-diceware-word-list-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/eff-diceware-word-list-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Each word from the EFF Diceware list adds ~12.9 bits of entropy. A 6-word passphrase gives you 77 bits — stronger than most passwords people actually use.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to create passphrases that are both memorable and secure]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/how-to-create-memorable-secure-passphrases</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/how-to-create-memorable-secure-passphrases</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Passphrase entropy calculation]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passphrase-entropy-calculation</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passphrase-entropy-calculation</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[4 words = 51 bits. 6 words = 77 bits. 8 words = 103 bits. Learn the math behind passphrase strength and how to choose the right word count.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 26 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Passphrase generators: are they safe to use online?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passphrase-generator-security-privacy</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passphrase-generator-security-privacy</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A server-side passphrase generator can log your passphrases. A client-side generator using CSPRNG and the EFF word list is completely private.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[The master password guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/master-password-passphrase-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/master-password-passphrase-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Your password manager master password is the one password you must memorize. A 6+ word Diceware passphrase is the strongest memorizable option. Here is why.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to check SSL certificates: a complete guide for 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-certificate-checker-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-certificate-checker-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A lapsed certificate is the most common cause of \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[SSL certificate chains explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-certificate-chain-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-certificate-chain-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A missing intermediate certificate is the most common TLS misconfiguration. Learn how certificate chains work and why every link matters.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[TLS 1.3 vs TLS 1.2: which should your site use in 2026?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/tls-1-3-vs-tls-1-2-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/tls-1-3-vs-tls-1-2-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[TLS 1.3 is faster, simpler, and more secure. But TLS 1.2 remains necessary for legacy clients. Learn the differences and how to configure both.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[SSL certificate expiry monitoring]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-certificate-expiry-monitoring</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-certificate-expiry-monitoring</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Certificates expire on a calendar date, not when traffic drops. Without monitoring, the first sign is users calling to say your site is down.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Bulk SSL certificate checking]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-labs-alternative-bulk-certificate-checking</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-labs-alternative-bulk-certificate-checking</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Checking certificates one by one is slow. Learn how bulk SSL checking works and why it is essential for managing large domain portfolios.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 19 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to audit your website security headers]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/security-headers-audit-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/security-headers-audit-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CSP, HSTS, X-Frame-Options, Referrer-Policy, Permissions-Policy — what each header does, recommended values, and how to score your site in under a minute.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Content-Security-Policy (CSP)]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/content-security-policy-csp-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/content-security-policy-csp-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CSP is the most powerful security header. A well-configured CSP stops XSS even if an attacker finds an injection point.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Score 100/100 on security headers]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/security-headers-score-0-to-100</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/security-headers-score-0-to-100</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Most sites score 40-60 out of 100 on a security headers audit. Getting to 100 takes under an hour. Here is exactly which headers to add and what values to set.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[X-Frame-Options vs CSP frame-ancestors]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/x-frame-options-vs-csp-frame-ancestors</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/x-frame-options-vs-csp-frame-ancestors</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Both prevent clickjacking, but CSP frame-ancestors is the modern replacement. Learn when to use each and why having both is redundant.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Permissions-Policy header]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/permissions-policy-header-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/permissions-policy-header-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Camera, microphone, geolocation — the Permissions-Policy header lets you disable sensitive browser APIs site-wide. Learn the syntax and recommended values.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Referrer-Policy best practices]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/referrer-policy-best-practices-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/referrer-policy-best-practices-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Without Referrer-Policy, your full URLs leak to every third-party resource your site loads. Learn the recommended setting and how to configure it.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 12 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[DNS lookup: query every record type]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dns-lookup-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dns-lookup-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A records, AAAA, MX, TXT, CNAME, CAA — each DNS record type serves a different purpose. Learn how to query them all and interpret the results.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 11 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH)]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dns-over-https-doh-explained-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dns-over-https-doh-explained-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Traditional DNS is plaintext and traceable. DoH encrypts every lookup end-to-end. Learn how it works, which resolvers to trust, and how to validate DNSSEC.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 10 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[DNS troubleshooting: common fixes]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dns-troubleshooting-common-issues-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dns-troubleshooting-common-issues-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[DNS propagation delays, misconfigured records, SPF lookup limits — we cover the top DNS problems and step-by-step solutions for each.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[DNSSEC validation guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dnssec-validation-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dnssec-validation-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[DNSSEC adds cryptographic signatures to DNS records, preventing spoofing and cache poisoning. Learn how to check if your domain is DNSSEC-enabled.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Cloudflare vs Google vs Quad9]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dns-resolvers-compared-cloudflare-google-quad9</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dns-resolvers-compared-cloudflare-google-quad9</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Speed, privacy, and security differ across DNS resolvers. We compare the top three and explain when to use each for DNS lookups.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Reverse DNS lookup guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/reverse-dns-lookup-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/reverse-dns-lookup-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Forward DNS resolves domains to IPs. Reverse DNS does the opposite. Learn how PTR records work and why reverse DNS matters for email deliverability.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Hash generator guide: MD5 to SHA-512 and when to use each]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hash-generator-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hash-generator-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Not every hash is built for security. File integrity, password storage, and HMAC signing each demand different algorithms. Here is the decision tree.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 05 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[SHA-256 vs SHA-512: which hash algorithm should you use?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/sha-256-vs-sha-512-which-to-use</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/sha-256-vs-sha-512-which-to-use</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Both are secure, but they differ in speed, output size, and use cases. Learn when SHA-256 is the right choice and when SHA-512 is better.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 04 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[File hashing: how to verify file integrity with SHA-256]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/file-hashing-integrity-verification</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/file-hashing-integrity-verification</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A file hash is a digital fingerprint. Compare hashes before and after transfer to detect corruption or tampering. Learn how file hashing works in the browser.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Why MD5 is still used in 2026 (and why it should not be)]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/md5-still-used-why-dangerous</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/md5-still-used-why-dangerous</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[MD5 is broken for collision resistance — collisions can be generated in seconds. Yet it remains widely used. Learn why MD5 is dangerous and what to use instead.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 02 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[In-browser hashing with the Web Crypto API]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/in-browser-hashing-web-crypto-api</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/in-browser-hashing-web-crypto-api</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[SHA-1 through SHA-512 all run natively in the browser via crypto.subtle.digest(). Learn how to hash text and files without sending anything to a server.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Hash comparison: avoid === operator]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hash-comparison-constant-time</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hash-comparison-constant-time</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[String comparison with === is vulnerable to timing attacks. Learn about constant-time comparison and why it matters for hash verification.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[UUID generator guide: RFC 4122 v4 and v7 UUIDs explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/uuid-generator-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/uuid-generator-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[UUID v4 is random. UUID v7 is time-ordered. Learn the differences, when to use each, and how to generate them securely with crypto.getRandomValues().]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[UUID v4 vs v7 for database keys]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/uuid-v4-vs-v7-which-to-use</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/uuid-v4-vs-v7-which-to-use</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[UUID v4 is fully random but causes index fragmentation. UUID v7 is time-ordered and database-friendly. Learn the tradeoffs and when each wins.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 28 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to generate UUIDs securely in the browser]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/generate-uuids-in-browser-securely</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/generate-uuids-in-browser-securely</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[crypto.randomUUID() is the modern way to generate UUIDs in JavaScript. Learn how it works, browser support, and fallback methods using crypto.getRandomValues().]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[UUID collision probability: can two UUIDs ever be the same?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/uuid-collisions-probability</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/uuid-collisions-probability</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[With 122 bits of entropy in UUID v4, the collision probability is astronomically low.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 26 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Bulk UUID generation]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bulk-uuid-generation-use-cases</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bulk-uuid-generation-use-cases</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Seeding a database, generating test data, creating session tokens — bulk UUID generation is a common developer need.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[UUID format options: JSON and CSV]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/uuid-format-options-json-csv</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/uuid-format-options-json-csv</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[UUIDs can be formatted in multiple ways for different systems. Learn the standard format, common variations, and how to export UUIDs as JSON or CSV.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Secure random number generation in the browser: a 2026 guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/random-number-generator-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/random-number-generator-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Math.random() is predictable. crypto.getRandomValues() is CSPRNG-secure. Learn how to generate unbiased random numbers, shuffle lists, and roll dice safely.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Modulo bias in random number generators]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/modulo-bias-in-random-numbers</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/modulo-bias-in-random-numbers</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Taking randomValue % max introduces subtle bias. Learn about rejection sampling and why it is essential for fair random number generation.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Fisher-Yates shuffle: the correct way to randomize a list]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/fisher-yates-shuffle-algorithm</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/fisher-yates-shuffle-algorithm</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Sorting with Math.random() - 0.5 produces biased shuffles. The Fisher-Yates algorithm is the mathematically correct way. Learn how it works.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[crypto.getRandomValues() vs Math.random()]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/crypto-random-vs-math-random-security</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/crypto-random-vs-math-random-security</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Math.random() uses xorshift128+ — predictable if the state is known. crypto.getRandomValues() taps the OS entropy pool. Learn why this matters for security.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 20 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Random number generation use cases]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/random-number-generation-use-cases</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/random-number-generation-use-cases</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[From dice rolls to cryptographic keys to statistical sampling — different use cases demand different randomness quality. Learn which approach fits your needs.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Online dice roller probability guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dice-roller-probability-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dice-roller-probability-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Tabletop gaming needs fair dice. Learn how digital dice rollers work, why CSPRNG matters, and how probability distributions differ across dice sizes.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Base64 encoding explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-encoding-explained-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-encoding-explained-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Base64 is everywhere — data URIs, JWTs, API payloads, email attachments. Learn how it works, when to use it, and the security implications.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[URL-safe Base64 variant explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-url-safe-variant-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-url-safe-variant-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Standard Base64 uses + and /, which have special meanings in URLs. The URL-safe variant replaces them with - and _. Learn the difference and when to use each.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Base64 is not encryption]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-not-encryption-security</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-not-encryption-security</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Encoding a password in Base64 provides zero security. It is trivially reversible. Learn the difference between encoding and encryption.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[UTF-8 safe Base64 encoding]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-utf8-safe-encoding</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-utf8-safe-encoding</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[btoa() fails on non-ASCII characters. Learn the encodeURIComponent trick for UTF-8 safe Base64 encoding and decoding in JavaScript.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[File to Base64 conversion: embedding images in HTML and CSS]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/file-to-base64-conversion-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/file-to-base64-conversion-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Data URIs let you embed images directly in HTML or CSS as Base64. Learn how file-to-Base64 conversion works and the performance tradeoffs.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Base64 performance: understanding the 33% size overhead]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-performance-33-percent-overhead</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/base64-performance-33-percent-overhead</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Base64 increases data size by 33%. For small payloads it is negligible, but for large files it matters. Learn when Base64 is the right choice.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Scan privacy policies for tracking]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/privacy-policy-scanner-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/privacy-policy-scanner-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Privacy policies are dense and often misleading. Learn how to detect tracking pixels, find GDPR and CCPA compliance gaps.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Tracking pixel detection]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/tracking-pixel-detection-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/tracking-pixel-detection-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Tracking pixels are 1x1 invisible images that fire without consent. Learn how to detect them in page source and why they are a GDPR violation.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 10 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[GDPR compliance checklist for websites]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/gdpr-compliance-checklist-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/gdpr-compliance-checklist-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Consent before tracking, data retention periods, cross-border transfer mechanisms — a practical GDPR compliance checklist for any website.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CCPA compliance audit]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ccpa-compliance-website-audit</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ccpa-compliance-website-audit</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CCPA requires disclosure of data collection and opt-out mechanisms. Learn the key requirements and how to audit your site for compliance.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Privacy policy vs actual tracking]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/privacy-policy-vs-actual-tracking</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/privacy-policy-vs-actual-tracking</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[The gap between what a site tracks and what it discloses is often vast. Learn how to compare privacy policy claims with actual tracking behavior.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Session recording tools]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/session-recording-tools-privacy</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/session-recording-tools-privacy</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Hotjar, Clarity, and FullStory record user sessions — including keystrokes and mouse movements. Learn why undisclosed session recording is a GDPR violation.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 06 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[JWT decoder guide: how to inspect and debug JSON Web Tokens]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/jwt-decoder-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/jwt-decoder-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[JWTs are everywhere in modern auth. Learn how to decode the header and payload, check expiry, and flag alg:none attacks — all in the browser.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 05 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[The JWT alg:none attack]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/jwt-alg-none-attack-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/jwt-alg-none-attack-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Setting alg:none in a JWT header removes the signature entirely. If your server does not reject this, anyone can forge valid tokens.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[JWT expiry validation: why exp matters and how to check it]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/jwt-expiry-validation-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/jwt-expiry-validation-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[An expired JWT is still valid Base64 — it just should not be accepted. Learn how exp claims work, clock skew handling, and why you must validate expiry.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[JWT structure explained: header, payload, and signature]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/jwt-structure-header-payload-signature</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/jwt-structure-header-payload-signature</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A JWT is three Base64url-encoded parts separated by dots. Learn what each part contains, how the signature works, and how to decode them safely.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[JWT security best practices for 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/jwt-security-best-practices-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/jwt-security-best-practices-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Use RS256 not HS256 for shared secrets, store JWTs in HttpOnly cookies, and rotate signing keys regularly. Learn the full JWT security checklist.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to decode JWTs in the browser without a server]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/decode-jwt-in-browser-client-side</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/decode-jwt-in-browser-client-side</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[JWT decoding is just Base64url parsing — no cryptography needed to read the payload. Learn how to decode JWTs entirely client-side for debugging.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to check if a URL is a phishing site before you click]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/phishing-url-checker-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/phishing-url-checker-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Spoofed domains, punycode homograph attacks, suspicious TLDs, and redirect chains — learn how to spot a phishing URL and protect yourself.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Punycode homograph attacks]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/punycode-homograph-attacks-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/punycode-homograph-attacks-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Attackers register lookalike domains using Unicode characters that render identically to real ones.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Suspicious TLDs in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/suspicious-tlds-phishing-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/suspicious-tlds-phishing-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Some TLDs are disproportionately used for phishing. Learn which extensions to be cautious of and how TLD reputation affects URL safety.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 28 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Redirect chains in phishing]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redirect-chain-phishing-attacks</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redirect-chain-phishing-attacks</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Phishing URLs often use multiple redirects to evade detection. Learn how redirect tracing works and why you should always check the final URL.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Phishing statistics 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/phishing-statistics-2026-trends</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/phishing-statistics-2026-trends</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Phishing attacks surged in 2026 with AI-generated lures and QR code quishing. Learn the latest trends and which protections actually work.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[URL safety check: 7 things to verify]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/url-safety-check-before-clicking</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/url-safety-check-before-clicking</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[HTTPS does not mean safe. Learn the 7 checks that reveal whether a URL is legitimate — from SSL certificate validation to domain age analysis.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[DMARC, SPF, and DKIM explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dmarc-spf-dkim-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dmarc-spf-dkim-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Email spoofing costs businesses billions annually. SPF, DKIM, and DMARC are the three DNS records that stop it.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[SPF lookup limit: 10 DNS queries max]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/spf-record-lookup-limit-10-dns</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/spf-record-lookup-limit-10-dns</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[SPF has a 10-DNS-lookup limit. Each include mechanism counts. Exceeding 10 causes PermError and legitimate email gets rejected.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 23 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[DMARC deployment: none to reject]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dmarc-deployment-guide-none-to-reject</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dmarc-deployment-guide-none-to-reject</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Jumping straight to p=reject will lose legitimate email. Learn the staged deployment process: monitor, quarantine, then reject — with aggregate report analysis.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 22 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[DKIM setup: selectors and keys]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dkim-setup-guide-selectors-keys</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dkim-setup-guide-selectors-keys</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[DKIM adds a cryptographic signature to outgoing email. Learn how to generate keys, publish the public key in DNS, and rotate keys safely.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Email spoofing prevention]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/email-spoofing-prevention-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/email-spoofing-prevention-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[No single record stops spoofing. SPF authorizes IPs, DKIM signs messages, and DMARC enforces policy. Learn how they combine for complete protection.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[DMARC aggregate reports]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dmarc-aggregate-reports-analysis</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/dmarc-aggregate-reports-analysis</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[DMARC rua reports show which emails passed and failed authentication. Learn how to read these XML reports and identify unauthorized senders.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Email header analysis: tracing the true origin of any email]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/email-header-analysis-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/email-header-analysis-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Email headers are a forensic goldmine. Every hop, timestamp, and authentication result tells a story. Learn how to read Received headers and detect spoofing.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to detect spoofed email: 7 red flags in email headers]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/detect-spoofed-email-headers</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/detect-spoofed-email-headers</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[SPF fail, DKIM fail, residential IP origins, hostname mismatches — learn the 7 header indicators that reveal a spoofed or phishing email.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Authentication-Results header]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/authentication-results-header-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/authentication-results-header-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[The Authentication-Results header records the outcome of email authentication checks. Learn how to read pass/fail values and what they tell you.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Email forensics: using timestamps to detect manipulation]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/email-forensics-timestamp-analysis</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/email-forensics-timestamp-analysis</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Each Received header includes a timestamp. Out-of-order or impossible timestamps reveal header injection or replay attacks. Learn how to analyze them.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to parse raw email headers: a step-by-step walkthrough]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/parse-raw-email-headers-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/parse-raw-email-headers-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Raw email headers look like gibberish. Learn a structured approach: start with Authentication-Results, then Received chain, then metadata headers.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HMAC generator guide: message authentication with SHA-256]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hmac-generator-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hmac-generator-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[HMAC combines a hash function with a secret key to prove both integrity and authenticity. Learn how HMAC-SHA256 works and when to use it.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HMAC vs plain hash: key difference]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hmac-vs-hash-difference</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hmac-vs-hash-difference</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A plain SHA-256 hash proves integrity but not authenticity. Anyone who knows the algorithm can forge it. HMAC requires a secret key. Learn the difference.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[API signature verification with HMAC]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/api-signature-hmac-best-practices</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/api-signature-hmac-best-practices</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[HMAC-SHA256 is the standard for API request signing. Learn how to sign requests, verify signatures, and prevent replay attacks with timestamps.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 10 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HMAC-SHA256 vs HMAC-SHA512: which should you use?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hmac-sha256-vs-sha512</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hmac-sha256-vs-sha512</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Both are secure for HMAC. SHA-256 is faster and more widely supported. SHA-512 provides longer output. Learn the tradeoffs and when each is preferred.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Generate HMAC in browser with Web Crypto]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/generate-hmac-in-browser-web-crypto</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/generate-hmac-in-browser-web-crypto</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[crypto.subtle.sign() with HMAC and SHA-256 runs natively in every modern browser. Learn how to sign messages without any external library.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 08 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HMAC use cases: webhook signing, JWT, and API authentication]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hmac-use-cases-webhooks-jwt</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hmac-use-cases-webhooks-jwt</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[HMAC is used in Stripe webhooks, JWT HS256 tokens, and AWS SigV4. Learn the most common HMAC use cases and how to implement each correctly.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[URL encoder / decoder guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/url-encoder-decoder-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/url-encoder-decoder-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[URLs cannot contain spaces or special characters. Percent-encoding solves this. Learn how encodeURIComponent works and when to use it.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[URL encoding special characters: the complete reference]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/url-encoding-special-characters-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/url-encoding-special-characters-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Space becomes %20. & becomes %26. = becomes %3D. Learn the full percent-encoding table and which characters are reserved in URLs.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 04 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[URL encoding Unicode]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/url-encoding-unicode-utf8</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/url-encoding-unicode-utf8</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[URLs are ASCII-only. Unicode characters are UTF-8 encoded then percent-encoded. Learn how browsers handle internationalized URLs and IRIs.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 03 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[URL decoding security risks]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/url-decoding-security-risks</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/url-decoding-security-risks</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Double-encoded URLs can bypass security filters. %252e%252f decodes to %2e%2f then to ../. Learn how double-encoding attacks work and how to prevent them.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 02 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Query string encoding best practices for API developers]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/query-string-encoding-best-practices</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/query-string-encoding-best-practices</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Query parameters with spaces, ampersands, and Unicode need proper encoding. Learn the best practices for building and parsing query strings safely.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password strength checkers]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-strength-checker-real-world-accuracy</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-strength-checker-real-world-accuracy</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Most password meters use simple heuristics that fail on real passwords.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 09 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[K-anonymity breach checking]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/k-anonymity-breach-checking-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/k-anonymity-breach-checking-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[The Have I Been Pwned API uses k-anonymity to let you check if your password is in a breach without ever sending the full password hash.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 08 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[OCSP stapling explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ocsp-stapling-explained-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ocsp-stapling-explained-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[OCSP stapling eliminates the need for browsers to query revocation status separately.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 07 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Email routing headers]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/email-routing-headers-trace-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/email-routing-headers-trace-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Every email carries a trail of Received headers showing its journey from sender to recipient.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Percent encoding: the URI standard that powers URL encoding]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/percent-encoding-uri-standard-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/percent-encoding-uri-standard-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[URL encoding is defined in RFC 3986. Learn how percent encoding works, which characters must be encoded.]]></description>
      <category>Developer</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Hash identifier guide: how to recognize 60+ hash types]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hash-identifier-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hash-identifier-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, bcrypt, Argon2 — each hash has a distinct length and format. Learn how to identify hash types by pattern and confidence scoring.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to identify a hash by length and format]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/identify-hash-by-length-format</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/identify-hash-by-length-format</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[32 hex characters is MD5. 64 is SHA-256. 128 is SHA-512. $2b$ is bcrypt. Learn the length and format patterns for every common hash algorithm.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[bcrypt vs Argon2 vs scrypt]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-vs-argon2-vs-scrypt</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-vs-argon2-vs-scrypt</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[bcrypt is battle-tested. Argon2id is the PHC winner. scrypt is memory-hard. Learn the differences and which is best for password storage in 2026.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Hash format prefixes explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hash-format-prefixes-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hash-format-prefixes-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Modern password hashes use prefix notation to identify the algorithm and parameters. Learn what each prefix means and how to parse them.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to automatically detect a hash algorithm from a string]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/detect-hash-algorithm-automatically</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/detect-hash-algorithm-automatically</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Length, charset, prefix, and structure all provide clues. Learn how automated hash identifiers combine these signals with confidence scoring.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Which hash type is safe for password storage? A 2026 guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hash-types-for-password-storage</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hash-types-for-password-storage</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Fast hashes like SHA-256 are terrible for passwords. Slow hashes like bcrypt and Argon2id are essential. Learn why speed is the enemy of password security.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CSP evaluator: audit your policy]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-evaluator-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-evaluator-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[unsafe-inline, unsafe-eval, wildcard sources — a single bad CSP directive can nullify XSS protection. Learn how to evaluate and fix your CSP.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CSP: unsafe-inline and unsafe-eval dangers]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-unsafe-inline-unsafe-eval-dangers</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-unsafe-inline-unsafe-eval-dangers</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[These two directives are the most common CSP misconfigurations. They allow inline scripts and eval(), effectively disabling XSS protection.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CSP nonces vs hashes: how to allow inline scripts safely]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-nonce-vs-hash-inline-scripts</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-nonce-vs-hash-inline-scripts</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[unsafe-inline is dangerous. Nonces and hashes are the safe alternatives. Learn how to generate per-request nonces or content hashes for your CSP.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Complete CSP directive reference]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-directive-reference-complete</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-directive-reference-complete</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[default-src, script-src, style-src, img-src, connect-src, font-src, frame-src — learn every CSP directive and what each controls.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CSP report-only mode]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-report-only-mode-testing</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-report-only-mode-testing</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only lets you test a new CSP without enforcing it. Violations are reported to your endpoint but pages still render.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 20 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[5 CSP mistakes that silently disable your XSS protection]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-mistakes-that-break-xss-protection</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-mistakes-that-break-xss-protection</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Wildcard sources, missing default-src, unsafe-inline fallback, and report-to misconfiguration — these mistakes make your CSP useless without any visible error.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 19 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CORS checker: audit cross-origin headers]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-checker-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-checker-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Access-Control-Allow-Origin, credentials, methods, and headers — a single CORS misconfiguration can expose your API to every website. Learn how to audit.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 18 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CORS origin reflection: the #1 API security misconfiguration]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-origin-reflection-vulnerability</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-origin-reflection-vulnerability</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Reflecting the Origin header in Access-Control-Allow-Origin disables same-origin policy. Any website can read your API responses.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CORS wildcard with credentials danger]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-wildcard-with-credentials-danger</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-wildcard-with-credentials-danger</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * with Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true is rejected by browsers. But origin reflection with credentials is worse.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CORS preflight requests]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-preflight-options-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-preflight-options-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Non-simple requests trigger a preflight OPTIONS request. The server must respond with allowed methods and headers. Learn how preflight works.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CORS vs CSRF: understanding the difference in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-vs-csrf-difference-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-vs-csrf-difference-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CORS controls whether JavaScript can read cross-origin responses. CSRF is about whether cross-origin requests can be sent at all.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CORS debugging: how to fix the 5 most common CORS errors]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-debugging-common-errors</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cors-debugging-common-errors</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[No ACAO header, missing credentials, preflight failure, Vary: Origin caching, and method not allowed — learn how to debug each CORS error.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 13 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HSTS checker guide: verify Strict-Transport-Security in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-checker-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-checker-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[HSTS tells browsers to always use HTTPS. But the first visit is still vulnerable. Learn how to check HSTS headers, max-age, and preload readiness.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 12 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HSTS preload list: submit your domain]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-preload-list-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-preload-list-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Preloading eliminates the first-visit gap. Your domain ships in browser source code, enforcing HTTPS from the very first connection. Learn the requirements.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 11 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[SSL stripping attacks: how HSTS prevents them]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-stripping-attack-hsts</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ssl-stripping-attack-hsts</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Without HSTS, a man-in-the-middle can downgrade your HTTPS connection to HTTP. Learn how SSL stripping works and why HSTS is the defense.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 10 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HSTS includeSubDomains]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-include-subdomains-risks</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-include-subdomains-risks</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[includeSubDomains extends HTTPS-only to every subdomain. If any subdomain cannot serve HTTPS, it will break. Learn how to audit before enabling.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HSTS max-age: what value should you set in 2026?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-max-age-best-practices</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-max-age-best-practices</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Too short and browsers forget your HTTPS policy. Too long and you cannot revert. Learn the recommended max-age value and how to transition safely.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HSTS vs HTTPS redirect: why a 301 is not enough]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-vs-https-redirect-difference</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/hsts-vs-https-redirect-difference</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A 301 redirect from HTTP to HTTPS still sends an unencrypted request first. HSTS prevents the browser from making that request at all. Learn the difference.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Cookie analyzer guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cookie-analyzer-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cookie-analyzer-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Cookies without HttpOnly are readable by JavaScript. Without Secure they travel over HTTP. Without SameSite they are sent cross-site. Learn how to audit.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[SameSite cookie attribute: Strict vs Lax vs None in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/samesite-cookie-attribute-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/samesite-cookie-attribute-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[SameSite=None requires Secure. SameSite=Lax blocks cross-site POST. SameSite=Strict blocks all cross-site sending. Learn which to use for each cookie.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 05 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HttpOnly cookies: your first defense against XSS token theft]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/httponly-cookie-xss-protection</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/httponly-cookie-xss-protection</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Without HttpOnly, document.cookie exposes session tokens to any XSS payload. Learn why HttpOnly is essential and how to verify your cookies have it.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 04 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[The Secure cookie flag]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/secure-cookie-flag-https-only</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/secure-cookie-flag-https-only</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Without the Secure flag, cookies are sent over unencrypted HTTP — visible to anyone on the network. Learn why Secure is mandatory in 2026.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Third-party cookie blocking in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/third-party-cookies-blocking-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/third-party-cookies-blocking-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Chrome now blocks third-party cookies by default. Safari and Firefox did it years ago. Learn what this means for analytics, ads, and session management.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 02 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Cookie security scoring]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cookie-security-scoring-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cookie-security-scoring-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A perfect cookie has HttpOnly, Secure, SameSite, and a reasonable expiry. Learn how cookie security scoring works and what score your site should aim for.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[QR code security: how to scan QR codes safely in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/qr-code-security-scanner-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/qr-code-security-scanner-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Quishing attacks rose 587% in 2025. Malicious QR codes redirect to phishing sites. Learn how to decode and verify QR codes before clicking.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Quishing: QR code phishing attacks]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/quishing-attacks-qr-phishing-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/quishing-attacks-qr-phishing-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Attackers embed phishing URLs in QR codes inside email attachments. Security scanners cannot read QR images, so the links bypass email filters.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to detect malicious QR codes: 5 red flags to check]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/malicious-qr-codes-detection</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/malicious-qr-codes-detection</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[URL shorteners inside QR codes, punycode domains, redirect chains, suspicious TLDs, and non-HTTPS destinations — learn the 5 warning signs.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 29 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[QR code privacy risks: how restaurants and venues track you]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/qr-code-privacy-risks-tracking</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/qr-code-privacy-risks-tracking</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Restaurant menu QR codes can track your device, location, and browsing history. Learn what data QR code landing pages collect and how to protect yourself.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to decode QR codes in the browser without an app]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/decode-qr-code-in-browser</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/decode-qr-code-in-browser</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[You do not need a mobile app to decode a QR code image. The browser can do it with the Canvas API and barcode detection library. Learn how.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[QR code phishing prevention: 7 tips to stay safe in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/qr-code-phishing-prevention-tips</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/qr-code-phishing-prevention-tips</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Preview before clicking, check for HTTPS, verify the domain, watch for punycode, avoid URL shorteners, use a QR security scanner, and trust your instincts.]]></description>
      <category>Privacy</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Redirect chain checker guide: tracing URL hops in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redirect-chain-checker-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redirect-chain-checker-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A single click can pass through 5+ redirects. Learn how to trace redirect chains, detect loops, and identify the final destination URL.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Redirect loops: detect and fix]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redirect-loops-detection-fixing</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redirect-loops-detection-fixing</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A redirect loop occurs when page A redirects to B, which redirects back to A. Browsers show ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS. Learn how to diagnose and fix.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[301 vs 302 redirects: SEO impact and when to use each]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/301-vs-302-redirect-seo-impact</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/301-vs-302-redirect-seo-impact</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[301 is permanent and passes link equity. 302 is temporary and does not. Using the wrong one can destroy your search rankings. Learn the difference.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Redirect chain security risks: open redirects and phishing]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redirect-chain-security-risks</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redirect-chain-security-risks</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Open redirects allow attackers to use your domain as a trusted redirect hop to phishing sites. Learn how redirect chains are abused and how to prevent it.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[HTTP to HTTPS redirect: best practices for 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/http-to-https-redirect-best-practices</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/http-to-https-redirect-best-practices</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A single 301 redirect from HTTP to HTTPS is ideal. Multiple hops slow down users and waste crawl budget. Learn how to configure a clean redirect.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 21 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How redirect chains hurt page speed and SEO]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redirect-chain-performance-impact</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redirect-chain-performance-impact</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Each redirect hop adds 100-300ms of latency. 5 hops can add over a second. Learn how redirect chains impact performance and how to minimize them.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[WHOIS lookup guide: domain registration intelligence in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/whois-lookup-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/whois-lookup-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[WHOIS is being replaced by RDAP. Learn how to query domain registration data, interpret the results, and use it for security assessments.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[RDAP vs WHOIS: why the legacy protocol is being replaced]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/rdap-vs-whois-difference</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/rdap-vs-whois-difference</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[RDAP returns structured JSON over HTTPS. WHOIS returns freeform text over port 43. Learn why RDAP is strictly superior for security automation.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[What domain registration data reveals about security threats]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-registration-data-security</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-registration-data-security</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Creation date, registrar, name servers, and status flags — each field tells a story. Learn how to use registration data for threat intelligence.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Newly registered domains: the strongest phishing indicator]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/newly-registered-domains-phishing</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/newly-registered-domains-phishing</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A domain created 3 days ago claiming to be a bank is almost certainly phishing. Learn how domain age is used in email security and fraud detection.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 16 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How GDPR changed WHOIS data and what is still visible]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/gdpr-impact-whois-privacy</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/gdpr-impact-whois-privacy</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[GDPR redacted registrant contact info from WHOIS in 2018. But creation date, expiry, registrar, and name servers remain. Learn what is still available.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Domain takeover: the hidden risk of expired domains]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-takeover-expired-domains</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-takeover-expired-domains</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[When a domain expires, its DNS records may still point to active cloud services. A new owner can claim those services. Learn how to prevent domain takeover.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Subdomain finder guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/subdomain-finder-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/subdomain-finder-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Certificate Transparency logs record every TLS certificate issued. Learn how to use crt.sh and CT logs to discover subdomains without active scanning.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Subdomain takeover detection]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/subdomain-takeover-detection</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/subdomain-takeover-detection</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A CNAME pointing to a decommissioned cloud service can be claimed by an attacker. Learn how to detect dangling DNS and prevent subdomain takeover.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Certificate Transparency logs]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/certificate-transparency-logs-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/certificate-transparency-logs-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CT logs are append-only ledgers of every TLS certificate issued. Learn how they work, how to query them, and why they are a goldmine for security research.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Subdomain enumeration: passive vs active techniques compared]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/subdomain-enumeration-techniques</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/subdomain-enumeration-techniques</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Passive enumeration uses CT logs, DNS records, and search engines. Active enumeration uses brute force and zone transfers. Learn the pros and cons of each.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Subdomain security risks: mapping your attack surface]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/subdomain-security-risks-attack-surface</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/subdomain-security-risks-attack-surface</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Every subdomain is a potential entry point. Forgotten dev/staging environments with weak security are prime targets. Learn how to audit your subdomains.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to use crt.sh for subdomain discovery]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/crt-sh-subdomain-discovery-tutorial</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/crt-sh-subdomain-discovery-tutorial</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[crt.sh is a free CT log search engine. A single query can reveal every subdomain that has ever had a TLS certificate. Learn how to use it effectively.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 08 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Port scanner: identify exposed services]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/port-scanner-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/port-scanner-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Every open port is a potential entry point. Learn how port scanning works, which ports are commonly targeted, and how to secure your exposed services.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 07 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[The most dangerous open ports]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/common-open-ports-security-risks</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/common-open-ports-security-risks</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Port 22 (SSH), 3389 (RDP), 3306 (MySQL), 6379 (Redis) — exposed services are the #1 initial access vector. Learn which ports to close immediately.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[TCP port scanning techniques]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/tcp-port-scanning-techniques</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/tcp-port-scanning-techniques</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[SYN scans are fast and stealthy. Connect scans are reliable but noisy. Learn the different port scanning techniques and when to use each.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 05 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to secure exposed ports]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/secure-exposed-ports-firewall</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/secure-exposed-ports-firewall</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Close unused ports, restrict access with firewalls, use VPNs for internal services, and implement rate limiting. Learn the complete port security checklist.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Exposed databases: Redis and MongoDB]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redis-mongodb-exposed-database-attacks</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/redis-mongodb-exposed-database-attacks</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Thousands of Redis and MongoDB instances are exposed without authentication. Attackers encrypt data and demand ransom. Learn how to check and secure yours.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Port scanning: legal considerations and ethical guidelines]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/port-scanning-legal-ethical</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/port-scanning-legal-ethical</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Is port scanning legal? The answer depends on jurisdiction and intent. Learn the legal landscape and ethical guidelines for security scanning.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[IP address lookup guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ip-address-lookup-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ip-address-lookup-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[An IP address reveals geographic location, ISP, ASN, and abuse contact. Learn how IP geolocation works and how to use it for security assessments.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[IP geolocation accuracy: what it can and cannot tell you]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ip-geolocation-accuracy-limitations</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ip-geolocation-accuracy-limitations</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[IP geolocation is accurate to the country level but not to the street. VPNs and proxies can spoof location. Learn the limitations of IP geolocation.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[ASN lookup: network ownership intel]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/asn-lookup-threat-intelligence</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/asn-lookup-threat-intelligence</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Every IP belongs to an ASN. Knowing the ASN reveals the hosting provider, organization, and network range. Learn how ASN data enhances threat intelligence.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to detect if an IP address is a VPN or proxy]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/detect-vpn-proxy-ip-address</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/detect-vpn-proxy-ip-address</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[VPNs and proxies hide the real IP. Learn the techniques for detecting VPN/proxy traffic and why IP reputation databases are essential for fraud prevention.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[IP abuse contact: how to report malicious IP addresses]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ip-abuse-contact-reporting</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ip-abuse-contact-reporting</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Every IP has an abuse contact listed in WHOIS. Learn how to find the abuse email and report malicious activity to the responsible ISP.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CVSS v3.1 calculator guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-calculator-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-calculator-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CVSS scores drive patch prioritization across the industry. Learn how the base score is calculated, what each metric means, and why 7.5 is not always urgent.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CVSS base score calculation: the math behind the number]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-base-score-calculation</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-base-score-calculation</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[The base score is not a simple sum. It uses Impact and Exploitability sub-scores with a Scope adjustment. Learn the formula and how each metric contributes.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 22 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CVSS vector string explained]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-vector-string-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-vector-string-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[The vector string encodes all 8 metrics in a compact format. Learn what each abbreviation means and how to read any CVSS vector string.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Why a CVSS score of 9.8 does not always mean urgent]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-score-vs-priority-context</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-score-vs-priority-context</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[The base score measures worst-case severity. It does not account for your environment, exploit availability, or asset criticality.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CVSS v4.0 vs v3.1: what changed and should you upgrade?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-v4-vs-v3-1-changes</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-v4-vs-v3-1-changes</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CVSS v4.0 adds supplement metrics for safety, automatability, and recovery. It combines base and temporal into CVSS-BTE.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[5 common CVSS scoring mistakes]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-scoring-common-mistakes</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/cvss-scoring-common-mistakes</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Over-scoring impact, ignoring Scope, wrong Attack Vector, conflating Privileges Required — these mistakes produce inflated scores and wrong priorities.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Bcrypt generator guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-generator-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-generator-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Bcrypt is the most widely used password hash. Learn how the cost factor controls hash speed, what cost to use in 2026, and how to verify passwords.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Bcrypt cost factor: what value should you use in 2026?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-cost-factor-recommendation-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-cost-factor-recommendation-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Cost 10 was recommended in 2015. GPUs are 100x faster now. Learn why cost 12-14 is the 2026 recommendation and how to benchmark your server.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 16 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Bcrypt vs Argon2: which password hash should you use in 2026?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-vs-argon2-password-hash</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-vs-argon2-password-hash</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Bcrypt is battle-tested and simple. Argon2id is memory-hard and PHC-recommended. Learn the tradeoffs and when to migrate from bcrypt to Argon2.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to verify a bcrypt hash]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-hash-comparison-verify</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-hash-comparison-verify</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[bcrypt.compare() uses constant-time comparison to prevent timing attacks. Learn why you should never use === to compare password hashes.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Bcrypt salt: why every password hash must be unique]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-salt-why-it-matters</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-salt-why-it-matters</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Without a salt, identical passwords produce identical hashes. Bcrypt auto-generates a random salt. Learn why salting is essential and how it works.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Can you generate bcrypt hashes in the browser?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-in-browser-webassembly</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/bcrypt-in-browser-webassembly</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Bcrypt is CPU-intensive but runs in the browser via WASM. Learn how client-side bcrypt generation works and why it never sends passwords to a server.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[AES encryption guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aes-encrypt-decrypt-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aes-encrypt-decrypt-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[AES-GCM is the authenticated encryption standard. Learn how to encrypt and decrypt text or files in your browser using crypto.subtle with a passphrase-derived…]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[AES-GCM vs AES-CBC: why authenticated encryption matters]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aes-gcm-vs-aes-cbc-mode</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aes-gcm-vs-aes-cbc-mode</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CBC provides confidentiality but not integrity. GCM provides both. Without authentication, attackers can modify ciphertext undetected. Learn the difference.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[PBKDF2 key derivation]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/pbkdf2-passphrase-key-derivation</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/pbkdf2-passphrase-key-derivation</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[AES needs a 256-bit key, but humans use passphrases. PBKDF2 bridges this gap with thousands of iterations. Learn how key derivation works.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[AES IV/nonce: why reuse destroys security]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aes-iv-nonce-importance</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aes-iv-nonce-importance</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[AES-GCM requires a unique IV for every encryption. Reusing the IV with the same key allows attackers to recover plaintext. Learn why IV uniqueness is critical.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to encrypt files in the browser with AES-GCM]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/encrypt-files-in-browser-aes</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/encrypt-files-in-browser-aes</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[File encryption does not require server-side processing. The Web Crypto API can encrypt any file entirely client-side. Learn how it works.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 07 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[AES-256 vs AES-128: does the key size actually matter?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aes-256-vs-aes-128-security</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aes-256-vs-aes-128-security</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Both are secure against brute force. AES-256 provides post-quantum margin. AES-128 is faster. Learn when the extra bits are worth the performance cost.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Mixed content checker guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/mixed-content-checker-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/mixed-content-checker-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Loading HTTP images, scripts, or styles on an HTTPS page triggers browser warnings and breaks security. Learn how to detect and fix mixed content.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Passive vs active mixed content: the security difference]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/mixed-content-passive-vs-active</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/mixed-content-passive-vs-active</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Passive mixed content (images) degrades security but does not execute code. Active mixed content (scripts, styles) can compromise the entire page.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to fix mixed content errors after migrating to HTTPS]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/fix-mixed-content-https-migration</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/fix-mixed-content-https-migration</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[You moved to HTTPS but some resources still load over HTTP. Learn how to find every HTTP URL in your source, update protocols.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 03 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How browsers handle mixed content in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/mixed-content-browser-warnings-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/mixed-content-browser-warnings-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Chrome auto-upgrades passive mixed content and blocks active. Firefox blocks all. Safari shows warnings. Learn the browser-specific behaviors.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CSP upgrade-insecure-requests]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-upgrade-insecure-requests-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/csp-upgrade-insecure-requests-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Adding upgrade-insecure-requests to your CSP header tells the browser to upgrade all HTTP requests to HTTPS automatically. Learn how it works.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to audit your entire website for mixed content issues]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/mixed-content-audit-website</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/mixed-content-audit-website</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A single HTTP resource on one page can trigger warnings. Learn how to scan your entire site for mixed content, including third-party resources and CDN URLs.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 31 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CAA record checker guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-record-checker-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-record-checker-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CAA DNS records restrict which certificate authorities can issue TLS certificates for your domain. Learn how to configure and verify CAA records.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CAA record configuration]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-record-configuration-explained</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-record-configuration-explained</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[The issue directive authorizes a specific CA. issuewild covers wildcard certificates. iodef sends incident reports. Learn the full CAA syntax.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How CAA records prevent unauthorized certificate issuance]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-records-prevent-unauthorized-certificates</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-records-prevent-unauthorized-certificates</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Without CAA records, any CA can issue a certificate for your domain. A single compromised CA puts you at risk. Learn how CAA adds a layer of protection.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CAA vs DNSSEC: complementary DNS security mechanisms]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-vs-dnssec-difference</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-vs-dnssec-difference</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[CAA restricts which CAs can issue certificates. DNSSEC ensures DNS responses are authentic. Both are needed for complete DNS security.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CAA record troubleshooting]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-record-troubleshooting-guide</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-record-troubleshooting-guide</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A misconfigured CAA record can block your CA from issuing certificates. Learn the common CAA errors, how to debug them, and how to fix the DNS.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 25 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Domain age checker guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-age-checker-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-age-checker-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A domain registered yesterday is suspicious. A domain registered 15 years ago is more trustworthy.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 24 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Domain age and phishing: the data behind the correlation]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-age-phishing-correlation</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-age-phishing-correlation</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Over 70% of phishing domains are less than 30 days old. Learn the statistical relationship between domain age and malicious activity.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Aged domains: how attackers bypass domain age filters]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aged-domains-bypass-filters</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/aged-domains-bypass-filters</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Attackers buy expired domains with years of registration history to bypass age-based filters. Learn why domain age alone is not sufficient for trust assessment.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Domain registration duration]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-registration-duration-trust</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-registration-duration-trust</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Legitimate businesses register domains for multiple years. Phishing domains are typically registered for 1 year. Learn how registration duration signals intent.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 21 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Domain expiry monitoring]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-expiry-monitoring-security</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-expiry-monitoring-security</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[An expired domain can be purchased by attackers who inherit its DNS history and search ranking.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Automate domain age checks for fraud]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-age-api-automation</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/domain-age-api-automation</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Manual domain age checks do not scale. Learn how to automate RDAP queries, calculate domain age programmatically, and integrate with fraud scoring systems.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 19 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[API key generator guide]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/api-key-generator-guide-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/api-key-generator-guide-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[API keys, bearer tokens, and secrets need high entropy. Learn how to generate 16–512 bit keys with crypto.getRandomValues() in hex, Base64.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 18 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Secure API key generation: 8 best practices for 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/secure-api-key-generation-best-practices</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/secure-api-key-generation-best-practices</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Use CSPRNG, 256+ bits, unique per client, store hashed, rotate regularly, scope permissions, log usage, and revoke on compromise. Learn the full checklist.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to store API keys securely]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/api-key-storage-hashing-security</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/api-key-storage-hashing-security</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Never store API keys in plaintext. Hash them with SHA-256 for lookup, encrypt them at rest with AES-GCM, and use a secrets manager. Learn the full approach.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[API keys vs JWT vs OAuth]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/api-key-vs-jwt-vs-oauth</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/api-key-vs-jwt-vs-oauth</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[API keys are simple but cannot encode permissions. JWTs are self-contained but cannot be revoked. OAuth is flexible but complex. Learn when to use each.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[API key rotation strategy]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/api-key-rotation-strategy</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/api-key-rotation-strategy</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Rotating API keys limits the damage of a leak. Learn the recommended rotation frequency, dual-key overlap strategy, and automated rotation pipelines.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[IPv4 vs IPv6 lookup differences]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ipv4-vs-ipv6-lookup-differences</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/ipv4-vs-ipv6-lookup-differences</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[IPv6 addresses are 128 bits vs IPv4 32 bits. Geolocation databases are less complete for IPv6.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CAA record best practices for 2026: which CAs to authorize]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-record-best-practices-2026</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/caa-record-best-practices-2026</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Authorize only the CAs you actually use: Let Encrypt, DigiCert, or Cloudflare. Block all others. Learn the recommended CAA configuration for common setups.]]></description>
      <category>Web Security</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Generate secret keys in the browser]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/generate-secret-keys-in-browser</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/generate-secret-keys-in-browser</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[You do not need a server or CLI to generate API keys. The browser Web Crypto API produces CSPRNG-secure keys of any length. Learn how.]]></description>
      <category>Cryptography</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password manager security audit: how to evaluate your vault in 2026]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-manager-security-audit-evaluate-vault</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-manager-security-audit-evaluate-vault</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Not all password managers are equal. Learn how to audit your password manager for encryption standards, zero-knowledge architecture, and breach history.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[NIST password guidelines 2026: what changed and what it means for you]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/nist-password-guidelines-2026-changed-means</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/nist-password-guidelines-2026-changed-means</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[NIST SP 800-63B-4 dropped complexity rules in favor of length. Here is what the updated guidelines mean for your password policy.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password recycling across accounts: the hidden danger of reused credentials]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-recycling-across-accounts-hidden-danger</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-recycling-across-accounts-hidden-danger</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Reusing one password across multiple sites creates a domino effect. Learn how credential stuffing turns one breach into hundreds.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Diceware password generation: how dice create the strongest passwords]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/diceware-password-generation-dice-create-strongest</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/diceware-password-generation-dice-create-strongest</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[True randomness from physical dice produces passwords no computer can predict. Learn the Diceware method and why it still matters in 2026.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password strength meters explained: entropy, crack time, and accuracy]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-strength-meters-explained-entropy-crack</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-strength-meters-explained-entropy-crack</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Why do some password meters say strong when your password is weak? Learn the math behind entropy estimation and crack time calculation.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 22 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Biometric authentication vs passwords: which is more secure in 2026?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/biometric-authentication-passwords-which-more-secure</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/biometric-authentication-passwords-which-more-secure</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Face ID, fingerprint, iris scan — are biometrics replacing passwords? We compare security, convenience, and fallback vulnerabilities.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password policies for remote teams: best practices for distributed workforces]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-policies-remote-teams-practices-distributed</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-policies-remote-teams-practices-distributed</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Remote work expanded the attack surface. Learn how to enforce password policies that work for distributed teams without killing productivity.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Credential stuffing attacks: how attackers automate password reuse]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/credential-stuffing-attacks-attackers-automate-password</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/credential-stuffing-attacks-attackers-automate-password</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Credential stuffing uses leaked passwords from one breach to log into hundreds of other sites. Learn how to detect and prevent these attacks.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password rotation myths: why forced password changes can weaken security]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-rotation-myths-forced-password-changes</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-rotation-myths-forced-password-changes</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Forcing users to change passwords every 90 days may actually reduce security. Learn why NIST now recommends against periodic rotation.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Master password best practices: protecting your entire password vault]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/master-password-practices-protecting-entire-password</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/master-password-practices-protecting-entire-password</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Your master password is the key to everything. Learn how to create, remember, and protect the one password that matters most.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password spraying attacks: why common passwords are dangerous]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-spraying-attacks-common-passwords-dangerous</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-spraying-attacks-common-passwords-dangerous</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Instead of guessing one account, attackers try one common password across thousands of accounts. Learn how password spraying works and how to stop it.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Two-factor authentication methods ranked: SMS, TOTP, hardware keys, and passkeys]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/two-factor-authentication-methods-ranked-sms-totp</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/two-factor-authentication-methods-ranked-sms-totp</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Not all 2FA is equal. We rank every 2FA method by security level, from SMS codes to FIDO2 hardware keys and passkeys.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Passkey adoption in 2026: are passwords finally dying?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passkey-adoption-2026-passwords-finally-dying</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passkey-adoption-2026-passwords-finally-dying</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Apple, Google, and Microsoft are pushing passkeys. Learn how WebAuthn passkeys work, where they fall short, and whether passwords are truly obsolete.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 30 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password hash extraction: how attackers steal hashed credentials]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-hash-extraction-attackers-steal-hashed</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-hash-extraction-attackers-steal-hashed</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[When attackers breach a database, they get password hashes not plaintext. Learn how hash extraction works and what makes hashes hard to crack.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Rainbow table attacks: why salted hashes defeated precomputed cracking]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/rainbow-table-attacks-salted-hashes-defeated</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/rainbow-table-attacks-salted-hashes-defeated</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Rainbow tables once cracked any hash in seconds. Learn how salting made them obsolete and why modern hashing still matters.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password generator security: why client-side generation beats online tools]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-generator-security-client-side-generation-beats</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-generator-security-client-side-generation-beats</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Online password generators can log your passwords. Learn why browser-based CSPRNG generators are safer and how to verify zero network requests.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 02 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password entropy calculator: measuring true password strength]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-entropy-calculator-measuring-true-password</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-entropy-calculator-measuring-true-password</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Entropy is the mathematical measure of password unpredictability. Learn how to calculate entropy bits and what numbers actually mean.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Shoulder surfing and password theft: physical security for credentials]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/shoulder-surfing-password-theft-physical-security</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/shoulder-surfing-password-theft-physical-security</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[The simplest attack is someone watching you type. Learn how to protect against shoulder surfing, camera capture, and physical password theft.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Fri, 04 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password breach databases: how Have I Been Pwned and k-anonymity work]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-breach-databases-have-i-been</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-breach-databases-have-i-been</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Breach checking services know which passwords are leaked. Learn how k-anonymity protects your password while checking it against billions of records.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sat, 05 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password sharing safely: how to share credentials without compromising security]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-sharing-safely-share-credentials-compromising</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-sharing-safely-share-credentials-compromising</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Sometimes you must share a password. Learn secure methods for temporary password sharing, encrypted notes, and one-time secret links.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password manager breach history: which managers have been hacked?]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-manager-breach-history-which-managers</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-manager-breach-history-which-managers</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[LastPass, 1Password, Bitwarden — which password managers have had breaches and what was exposed? A transparent look at the industry.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Passphrase memorability: why four random words beat complex passwords]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passphrase-memorability-four-random-words-beat</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/passphrase-memorability-four-random-words-beat</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[correct horse battery staple — four random words create 51 bits of entropy and are easier to remember than Tr0ub4dor&3. Learn the science.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Tue, 08 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password cracking hardware in 2026: GPU vs ASIC vs cloud clusters]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-cracking-hardware-2026-gpu-asic</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-cracking-hardware-2026-gpu-asic</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[A single GPU can guess 100 billion hashes per second. Learn how modern cracking hardware has changed password security requirements.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Wed, 09 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Password reset security: how to make account recovery safe]]></title>
      <link>https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-reset-security-make-account-recovery</link>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://secure.toolly.site/blog/password-reset-security-make-account-recovery</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[Password resets are the weakest link in account security. Learn how to design reset flows that resist social engineering and account takeover.]]></description>
      <category>Passwords</category>
      <pubDate>Thu, 10 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
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